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basic life safety considerations for door hardware

by:DIgao     2020-06-22
Choosing door hardware is a serious business.
If the wrong door hardware is installed, someone may die as a result.
Because door hardware is very important, local authorities can force owners to remove and replace incorrect hardware, and they can also request replacement of these if the installation damages the door and/or frame.
This article deals with two kinds of openings: the exit door fire rating door is the door that must be passed when leaving the building.
When selecting the hardware for the exit door, it is helpful to remember the following principles: the exit must be done through an action. No prior knowledge is required to export keys, cards, or, tools can be required to release rated doors to prevent the spread of fire within the building.
When selecting hardware for doors of fire rating, keep in mind that these doors must be closed and actively locked in the event of a fire.
Consult the local authorities where you have jurisdiction when in doubt (AHJ)-
It\'s usually the fire chief or the building inspector.
In order to avoid expensive hardware replacement due to life safety code violations, it is best to run your hardware selection through the local AHJ in advance.
When architects design a building, one of the features they design in the structure is the exit path, that is, in an emergency, one can walk out of the building through this route.
Usually, this route is indicated by the exit sign, as shown in the picture above and below.
Recently, export equipment manufacturers have begun to provide export equipment with glowing or glowing export signs to help see export paths more clearly in case of emergency, for example, electricity may run out, smoke may gather near the ceiling, blurring the view of the conventional exit sign.
Usually the path of the exit door is designed to open in the direction of the exit, which means that one can push the door open in an emergency and continue to move to the exit instead of stopping to open the door.
Many jurisdictions require the path of the exit door to swing in the direction of the exit.
Different jurisdictions may have different requirements for the path of the exit door.
Some inspectors will want an outlet device;
Others may be happy with the cylindrical lever lock.
However, the export installation will almost always please the building inspector or the fire chief, and we like the inspector who is happy.
A happy inspector is a good thing.
The fire rating of the indoor door is usually the fire rating.
The outer door is usually not fire-proof.
The doors of the fire grade are usually labeled by the insurer\'s laboratory to prove that the opening is a fire grade.
Doors of fire grade require hardware of fire grade.
The difference between the fire grade hardware and the ordinary hardware is that the insurer\'s laboratory has tested the fire grade hardware, maintaining a positive lock at a very high temperature while applying pressure on them.
If they pass the test, allow the manufacturer to put the UL tag on the hardware.
Inspectors usually look for UL tags on the hardware and I will refuse to check in the certificate if they find that the hardware is not labeled.
In the event of a fire, the hardware of the fire class must remain locked on the front.
This means that the door must remain closed in the event of a fire.
If you walk in the corridor of the hospital, you will see open doors all over the road at the exit.
These doors are most likely fire-rated doors with emc hold-on devices connected to fire alarms.
When the fire alarm is activated, it releases the induction magnetic door frame.
Each door must also be fitted with a closer door so that when it is released it will be automatically closed and each door must be equipped with an automatic locking device when the door is closed, the device will actively lock the door.
Usually the hospital double door I mentioned will be equipped with a concealed vertical bar device of fire grade, although sometimes there will be a surface vertical bar outlet device.
Usually these devices will not lock, but they will only lock in order to comply with fire safety regulations.
On the pull side, these devices may be equipped with a channel function lever, that is, a lever decoration that is always unlocked.
In this way, when the door is closed by a fire alarm, it is free to travel through the opening.
If the exit path is a way to go through the push side of this pair of doors, the exterior decoration may be locked except in some cases, such as the stairwell door.
Most ANSI level 1 latch and cylindrical locks are fire-resistant and do not have to be specified for this purpose.
The use of plug-in or cylindrical locks on exit doors rather than outlet equipment depends on local building and life safety specifications, so be sure to consult the local AHJ.
As outlined in local regulations, the demand for export equipment is usually determined by the number of people accommodated by the building design.
Stair well doors assume that all internal stair well doors are fire-proof and safe.
But, in addition, many local regulations stipulate that in the event of a fire, the doors of some (if not all) stairwells must be actively locked and unlocked.
This means that your options are limited if you want to control the door to the stairwell.
For example, electric shock is not possible because if electric shock is used, it must be actively locked and unlocked in the event of a fire
It is impossible to have a failure safety electric shock as needed.
Doors that are not stair doors can use rated fire safety electric shocks and can be used for stair doors, and do not have to be unlocked in the event of a fire.
In some jurisdictions, in the event of a fire, only the doors in each of the four floors must be unlocked, not in each stairwell.
Please contact your AHJ to confirm.
The solution to this problem is to use an electric lock for access control or to use an existing non-
Locked fire rated lock or outlet device already on the door.
I love the mag lock solution, but many inspectors don\'t.
Be sure to contact the local AHJ before specifying the induction lock in any application.
Fail-safe electric locks are usually a more popular solution for inspectors, but installation is more difficult because the wires need to go through the door from the hinge side to the lock side.
Technically, this invalidates the fire rating of the door.
The absolutely correct way is to remove the door and modify it in a fire-proof store.
That is to say, the installer is retro
Install the electric lock to the fire rated door at the site all the time.
If a building has a channel-functional latch on the door of the stairwell, one solution to the problem is to replace them with a faulty safe Live pin outlet device.
Because it is an outlet device, the wire can go through it, not through the door.
Preventing people from leaving a space is a violation of life safety norms.
The purpose of the code of life safety is to ensure that people can escape in an emergency.
There are exceptions.
For example, in some jurisdictions, jewelers are allowed to lock people in stores with electric shocks or magnetic locks;
The door can only be released from a jewelry store personnel behind the counter.
This is, of course, to prevent theft.
For me, this caused the ghost of innocent customers trapped in locked stores by armed thieves, but apparently some inspectors thought it was worth the risk, so who am I?
According to the code of life safety, people who leave the building must be able to do this through a campaign and do not need to know in advance or additional items.
People should be able to simply put their way out.
Safe Egress vs.
Access control locking exit doors from both sides is often a violation of Life Safety Code in order to create credentials to enter and exit the system, often referred to as card in/out.
\"Credentials\" in something that the user presents to the reader in order to enter, such as entering into a keyboard or approaching a set of numbers in the card.
The purpose of the card-in/card-out system is to prevent credential sharing.
The system does this by refusing to recognize credentials through an external reader until the credentials are rendered to the internal reader.
Typically, the history of the credential acceptance event is associated with the time and attendance system, that is, the access control system is also used to track the employee\'s working hours, make it a powerful tool to encourage good attendance and block lending cards to friends to allow unauthorized access.
Video surveillance systems activated by motion sensors at the door can also help to block unauthorized entry and monitoring of exits without blocking or blocking it.
A better way to prevent credential sharing is to use body parts as credentials through biometrics.
Biometric systems store information such as infrared scanning of retina images or fingerprints.
The door opens when the user touches the fingerprint reader.
According to the NFPA 101A, the special locking arrangement, the delayed egresdelayed exit is discussed, which is a way to delay the exit for 15 seconds.
The system must work in the following ways, slightly different in some jurisdictions: doors equipped with delayed exits must have a sign describing the process of delayed exits.
The typical wording is this: \"Push the exit.
The alarm clock will ring for 15 seconds and then the door will open.
\"If someone pushes the door or starts the device, the delayed exit mechanism will give a nasty alarm.
Annoying alarms can ring for 2 seconds. (
3 seconds are allowed in some jurisdictions)
After 2 seconds, the delay exit system starts an irrevocable 15-second countdown.
During this period, the system issues an alarm.
At the end of the 15-second alarm, the door was unlocked.
If a fire alarm is started, the delayed exit system will be disabled and people can exit freely.
Some jurisdictions require a manual reset of the delayed exit system at the door.
Please get in touch with your local AHJ to see if your app allows for a delayed exit system.
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